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We studied the morphology of bipolar cells in fixed vertical tissue sections of the rat retina by injecting the cells with Lucifer Yellow and neurobiotin. In addition to the rod bipolar cell, nine different putative cone bipolar cell types were distinguished according to the position of their somata in the inner nuclear layer and the branching pattern and stratification level of their axon terminals in the inner plexiform layer. Some of these bipolar cell populations were labeled immunocytochemically in vertical and horizontal sections using antibodies against the calcium‐binding protein recoverin, the glutamate transporter GLT‐1, the alpha isoform of the protein kinase C, and the Purkinje cell marker L7. These immunocytochemically labeled cell types were characterized in terms of cell density and distribution.

We found that rod bipolar cells and GLT‐1‐positive cone bipolar cells occur at higher densities in a small region located …