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This study investigated some factors that affect Neofusicoccum luteum infection and disease progression in grapevines, on which it causes cankers and die-back. Inoculation of green shoots with each of the conidial suspensions (20 μL of 10²–10⁶ conidia/mL) caused 100 % infection, but significant differences in lesion lengths among concentrations (P < 0.001). Lesion lengths increased with conidial concentrations to a maximum of 41.7 mm, in tissue inoculated with 10⁴/conidial. Lesions then decreased for 10⁵ and 10⁶ conidial/mL (28.6 and 27.8 mm, respectively). The different wetness durations (0–24 h) tested after inoculating trunks of 1-year old vines with conidia did not affect pathogen incidence or lesion lengths, however continued incubation at 95 % RH caused greater pathogen progression (maximum isolation distances from point of inoculation; P < 0.001; 100.6 mm) than at ambient 78 % RH …