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To compare the prevalence of synovitis, pain and radiographic progression in non-erosive and erosive hand osteoarthritis (HOA), and to explore whether the different rate of disease progression is explained by different levels of synovitis and structural damage.

We included 31 and 34 participants with non-erosive and erosive HOA at baseline, respectively. Using Generalized Estimating Equations, we explored whether participants with erosive HOA had more synovitis (by MRI, ultrasound and clinical examination) independent of the degree of structural damage. Similarly, we explored whether pain at baseline and radiographic progression after 5 years were higher in erosive HOA, independent of the levels of synovitis and structural damage. All analyses were adjusted for age and sex.

Power Doppler activity was found mainly in erosive HOA. Participants with erosive HOA demonstrated more …