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ObjectiveTo evaluate the long-term effects of a horticultural and nutrition education intervention in rural Tanzania.DesignA quasi-experimental post-test design was used.SettingThe research was carried out in 10 villages in Singida region, Tanzania.SubjectsMothers and their children aged 6–71 months (n = 236) from an experimental (Ilongero) and control (Ihanja) area were interviewed regarding knowledge and practices related to vitamin A nutrition. Intake of vitamin A-rich foods by the children during the 7 days prior to the interview was recorded. Stools were examined for helminths and serum samples were analysed for retinol and C-reactive protein (CRP) (n = 146) for the children aged 12–71 months.ResultsKnowledge and practices were more favourable to vitamin A intake in the experimental area than in the control area, and an increased frequency of intake of green leaves was associated with higher serum …