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This study was designed to evaluate the anesthetic, analgesic and side effects of spinal, epidural and combined spinal–epidural anesthesia with the addition of morphine for lumbar laminectomy. A total of 66 patients undergoing lumbar laminectomy were included in the present study of whom 64 completed the study. Patients were randomly divided into three groups: (i) spinal anesthesia – the SA group; (ii) epidural anesthesia – the EA group; and (iii) combined spinal–epidural anesthesia – the CA group. Demographical data, surgical times and peak sensory levels of groups were similar. Heart rate, mean arterial pressure, and peripheral oxygen saturation did not differ between the three groups. No differences were observed intraoperatively in Ramsey sedation scale (RSS) scores between the groups, but postoperatively, although RSS scores were similar for the EA and CA groups, they were significantly lower for …