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The objective was to investigate men's gender preferences and the possible association with their knowledge of related maternal mortality indices. Using a cross-sectional design, a structured questionnaire was administered to 369 randomly selected males aged 18-75 years in Ekiadolor, Nigeria. A total of 176 (47.7%) respondents had gender preference, 135 (36.6%) preferring sons. Respondents who stated values >4 as the maximum safe parity per woman were 175(47.4%). Of these, 67.4% (118/175) had gender preference compared to 29.9% (58/194) who stated values ≦4 (logistic regression: p=0.000; OR=4.6, 95% CI=2.97-7.25). Respondents who were aware that pregnancy and delivery could put a woman's health at risk were 263 (71.3%). Of these, 58.6% (154/263) had no gender preference compared to 36.8% (39/106) of those who lacked this awareness. The association in this distribution was initially …