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Background The amniotic membrane (AM), which is the innermost layer of the placenta, was shown to possess anti‐inflammatory and anti‐fibrotic properties in various in vitro and clinical studies.

Purpose To evaluate the anti‐fibrotic and anti‐inflammatory effects of the AM matrix (AMM) on human conjunctival and lung fibroblasts in an in vitro system that tests fibrotic and inflammatory responses at the effector stages of allergic inflammation.

Methods Human conjunctival or lung fibroblasts were seeded on plastic or on the stromal aspect of the AM, which was mounted on plastic inserts. Sonicates of human peripheral blood eosinophils activated with lipopolysacharide (LPS), or human mast cell (HMC‐1) leukaemia cell sonicates, were added to sub‐confluent fibroblast monolayers. Proliferation of the sub‐confluent fibroblasts was assessed using the [³H]‐thymidine incorporation assay. The production of …