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JavaScript is a powerful scripting programming language that has gained a lot of attention this past decade. Initially used exclusively for client-side web development, it has evolved to become one of the most popular programming languages, with developers now using it for both client-side and server-side application development. Similar to applications written in other programming languages, JavaScript applications contain code smells, which are poor design choices that can negatively impact the quality of an application. In this paper, we perform a large-scale study of JavaScript code smells in server-side and client-side applications, with the aim to understand how they impact the fault-proneness of applications, and how they are evolved by the developers of the applications. We detect 12 types of code smells in 1807 releases of 15 popular JavaScript applications (i.e., express, grunt, bower, less.js …