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The role of southern European peninsulas as glacial refugia for temperate species has been widely established, but the role of cryptic northern refugia has only recently been addressed. Here, we describe the phylogeographic pattern of the forest-dwelling European pine marten (Martes martes), using a 1600-bp mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) fragment from 287 individuals sampled across the entire distribution range of the species. To clarify the relationships between M.martes and its sister species the sable (Martes zibellina) in Fennoscandia and Russia, ten M.zibellina samples were also included in the analyses. Our results reveal the presence of 69 different haplotypes for M.martes and ten haplotypes for M.zibellina, which are split into three major assemblages: Mediterranean, central–northern European, and Fennoscandian–Russian clades, showing a global pattern of spatial segregation, with some area of …