作者
Talieh Zarifian, Yahya Modarresi, Laya Gholami Tehrani, Mehdi Dastjerdi Kazemi
发表日期
2015/12
期刊
On Monolingual and Bilingual Speech
卷号
2015
页码范围
430
简介
Purpose
This study aimed to answer 3 main questions in Persian speaking children:(1) What are the ages for normative acquisition and mastery for each phoneme?(2) What is the percentage of consonant, vowel and phoneme correct?(3) What phonological processes can be seen?
Methods
The samples were gathered from 387 children aged between 3-6 years old using a 27 singleword picture-naming articulation test for the consonant acquisition study and 54 single word picture naming phonological test for the phonology study.
Results
Findings revealed that all participants acquired all 23consonants and six vowels and two diphthongs by age 3; 0 based on the 75% criterion in two positions (syllable initial and syllable final) and mastered all Persian phonemes by age 3; 6, except/s/,/z/,/ʒ/, and/r/at the 90% criterion in two positions (syllable initial and syllable final)./ʒ/and/r/were mastered by age 3; 11;/s/and/z/were mastered by age 4; 6. By age 6; 00, children produced 94.57% of consonants correct, the percent of vowel correct was 99.8% of vowels correct and the percent of phoneme correct was 96.3% of phonemes correct. By age 3; 00, syllable deletion, consonant and vowel assimilation had disappeared. Between ages 3-4, there was a major decline in the following processes: gliding, affrication, deaffrication, prevocalic voicing, vowel substitution, metathesis, stopping. Between ages 4-5, the following processes were declining: final consonant deletion and fronting.
Practical implications
The following phonological processes were attributed to atypical production because they weren’t found in any group of children at more than 10%: backing …
引用总数
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学术搜索中的文章
T Zarifian, Y Modarresi, LG Tehrani, MD Kazemi - On Monolingual and Bilingual Speech, 2015