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Laryngopharyngeal refux and gastroesophageal reflux are two different clinical entities, two different diseases which differ in symptoms, clinical manifestations, mechanism of reflux, diagnostic criteria and therapeutic schedules. Main symptoms of LPR are hoarseness, clearing of throat, postnasal drip, swallowing difficulties, coughing, breathing difficulties and in only 6 to 11% of patients heartburn, chest pain, indigestion or stomach acid coming up. Main clinical signs of LPR are: pseudosulcus vocalis, ventricular obliteration, erythema/hyperemia, vocal fold edema, diffuse laryngeal edema, posterior commissure hypertrophy, granuloma/granulations and thin endolaryngeal mucus. The diagnosis is usually based on a combination of diagnostic signs and symptoms, 24-hour pH-metry, multichannel intraluminal impedance and pepsin in saliva. In therapy proton pump inhibitors are being applied twice a day.