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Capsaicin-sensitive, TRPV1 (transient receptor potential vanilloid 1) receptor-expressing primary sensory neurons exert local and systemic efferent effects besides the classical afferent function. The TRPV1 receptor is considered a molecular integrator of various physico-chemical noxious stimuli. In the present study its role was analysed in acute nociceptive tests and chronic neuropathy models by comparison of wild-type (WT) and TRPV1 knockout (KO) mice. The formalin-induced acute nocifensive behaviour, carrageenan-evoked inflammatory mechanical hyperalgesia and partial sciatic nerve lesion-induced neuropathic mechanical hyperalgesia were not different in WT and KO animals. Acute nocifensive behaviour after intraplantar injection of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, an activator of protein kinase C (PKC), was absent in TRPV1 KO animals showing that PKC activation elicits nociception exclusively …