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Sleep is a fundamental human need supporting the proper functioning of mind and body. 1–7 Being able to measure and accurately quantify sleep is critical to characterize the sleep processes supporting health and those implicated in disease as well as to understand how and to what extent sleep (a modifiable behavior) can be enhanced to promote healthy living, mitigate or slow the occurrence of clinical conditions, and improve cognitive functioning and performance. The current gold standard for measuring sleep is polysomnography (PSG), a multichannel recording of scalp cortical brain activity, muscle tone, and eye movement activity (see Kryger and colleagues 8). To clinically evaluate the presence of sleep disorders, PSG also may include other signals, such as the measurement of airflow and respiratory efforts, leg movements, oxygen saturation, snoring, and body position. PSG is used mainly in the …