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Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is a unique type of chronic pancreatitis in which pathogenesis involves autoimmune mechanisms. 1, 2 Contrary to ordinary chronic pancreatitis, AIP responds well to corticosteroids. 1, 3, 4 However, diagnostic uncertainty because of its mimicry of pancreatobiliary malignancies often has led to pancreatic resection for this benign disease. 5-8 If AIP is properly diagnosed, it can be treated without laparotomy or pancreatic resection. However, clinicians also must remain aware that AIP is still a very rare disease, compared with pancreatobiliary malignancy. 9 Overenthusiastic diagnosis of AIP should be avoided because of the potential risk of allowing malignant disease to progress untreated. 3, 10, 11 AIP awareness is equally relevant to endoscopists. Not only pancreatologists but also endoscopists should know about AIP because the most frequent acute presentation of AIP is obstructive …