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Six resource conservation techniques (RCTs) including control were imposed in field during 2013, 2014 on lowland rice (dry season) – rice (wet season) system to assess their impacts on rice production, energy savings, carbon storage, soil carbon fractions, functional microbial diversities and greenhouse gases (methane and nitrous oxide) emission. The resource conservation techniques broadly included i) residue incorporation, ii) in-situ green manuring, iii) zero tillage, iv) mechanical transplanting and v) mechanical transplanting with real time nitrogen management. The control refers to conventional practices (manual transplanting, weeding and harvesting). The energy savings was found highest under zero tillage technique which was 14.4, 17.9% and 13.3, 16.4% higher than conventional practices in dry and wet cropping seasons in 2013 and 2014, respectively. However, in 2013, energy output-input ratio was …