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Methods:

We examined the relationship between number of prior rectal Neisseria gonorrhoeae (GC) or Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infections and HIV seroconversion in a retrospective cohort of HIV-uninfected MSM diagnosed with a rectal infection. Number of rectal CT or GC infections in the prior 2 years was the primary exposure. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the association between prior rectal infections and HIV seroconversion.

Results:

A total of 541 MSM were observed for a total of 1197.96 person-years. Overall, 27 (4.99%) of the MSM became infected with HIV, for an estimated annual incidence of 2.25%[95% confidence interval (CI): 1.49 to 3.26]. In multivariate analysis, an early syphilis diagnosis in the past 2 years (hazard ratio= 4.04, 95% CI: 1.19 to 13.79) and 2 prior CT or GC rectal infections in the past 2 years (hazard ratio= 8.85, 95% CI: 2.57 to 30 …