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Background: Hearing impairment (HI) is a very common condition in elderly people and the epidemiology together with hearing-related problems is still poorly investigated. Moreover, the cognitive status may be impaired in relation to hearing function. Objective: The goal of the study was to evaluate: (a) the prevalence of HI in a random sample of elderly people aged 65 and over (n = 1,750) living in Campania, a region of southern Italy; (b) the cross-sectional relationship between hearing function and cognitive status and also depressive symptomatology and disability, and (c) to assess the role of hearing aids on depressive symptomatology. Methods: Cross-sectional study on a random sample of elderly population. Results: The overall participation rate in the study was 74.8% (n = 1,332, mean age was 74.2 ± 6.4 years). The prevalence rate of HI (evaluated by questionnaire) was 27.2%, cognitive …