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Hybrid wheat breeding is a promising strategy to improve the level of leaf rust and stripe rust resistance in wheat.

Leaf rust and stripe rust belong to the most important fungal diseases in wheat production. Due to a dynamic development of new virulent races, epidemics appear in high frequency and causes significant losses in grain yield and quality. Therefore, research is needed to develop strategies to breed wheat varieties carrying highly efficient resistances. Stacking of dominant resistance genes through hybrid breeding is such an approach. Within this study, we investigated the genetic architecture of leaf rust and stripe rust resistance of 1750 wheat hybrids and their 230 parental lines using a genome-wide association study. We observed on average a lower rust susceptibility for hybrids in comparison to their parental inbred lines and some hybrids outperformed their better parent with …