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It has long been recognized that in gibbons both sexes disperse from the natal group. However, the fate of dispersed individuals was rarely documented. Here we provide the first detailed information on sex differences in dispersal patterns by analyzing the spatial genetic structure of a well‐known white‐handed gibbon (Hylobates lar) population.

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and Y‐chromosomal haplotypes, and autosomal microsatellite genotypes were determined for individuals of the Mo Singto study site, Khao Yai National Park, Thailand. Mantel tests for the three genetic marker types were performed for 17 gibbon groups comprising 23 adult males and 18 adult females.

Significant positive Mantel correlations were observed for spatial distance and both autosomal microsatellite‐based as well as Y‐chromosomal haplotype‐based genetic distance among adult males …