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To examine the efficacy of a brief intervention delivered by a therapist (TBI) or a computer (CBI) in preventing cannabis use among adolescents in urban primary care clinics.

A randomized controlled trial comparing: CBI and TBI versus control.

Urban primary care clinics in the United States.

Research staff recruited 714 adolescents (aged 12–18 years) who reported no life‐time cannabis use on a screening survey for this study, which included a baseline survey, randomization (stratified by gender and grade) to conditions (control; CBI; TBI) and 3‐, 6‐ and 12‐month assessments.

Using an intent‐to‐treat approach, primary outcomes were cannabis use (any, frequency); secondary outcomes included frequency of other drug use, severity of alcohol use and frequency of delinquency (among 85% completing follow‐ups).

Compared with controls, CBI …