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It has been proposed that co‐invasion with ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi is a common mechanism by which non‐indigenous trees overcome symbiont limitation, yet virtually all prior evidence has come from a single plant family, the Pinaceae. We tested the co‐invasion hypothesis by examining the EM fungal communities associated with a specialized host, Alnus glutinosa (black alder), and a generalist host, Salix fragilis (crack willow), in New Zealand, where both trees are invasive. We aimed to find out if these two hosts, which often co‐occur on invaded riverbanks, (1) were forming novel EM fungal associations in New Zealand and (2) had potential to facilitate each other through shared EM fungi.

New Zealand.

We collected root tip samples from both host plants at riparian sites on the North Island and South Island and used DNA sequence‐based identification to characterize EM fungal …