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Restless legs syndrome (RLS) of a severity requiring medical attention has a prevalence of 2–3% in Caucasian populations. This significant cause of neurological morbidity is defined by an insistent urge to move the legs, and is often accompanied by uncomfortable and unpleasant sensations deep in the legs themselves. Symptoms typically begin or worsen at rest, especially in the evening and night, and are often relieved by activities such as rubbing, stretching, or walking. There is a family history of RLS in approximately 50% of cases, suggesting genetic risk factors, and significant associations have been shown with low serum ferritin, uraemia, and pregnancy. In addition, individuals with various chronic medical conditions such as cardiovascular disease, hypertension, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, spinal cord disease, and neuropathy have been shown to have an increased risk of RLS although proving …