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Plant receptor-like kinases (RLKs) are transmembrane proteins with putative N-terminal extracellular ligand-binding domains and C-terminal intracellular protein kinase domains. RLKs have been implicated in multiple physiological programs including plant development and immunity to microbial infection. Arabidopsis thaliana gene expression patterns support an important role of this class of proteins in biotic stress adaptation. Here, we provide a comprehensive survey of plant immunity-related RLK gene expression. We further document the role of the Arabidopsis Brassinosteroid Insensitive 1 (BRI1)-associated receptor kinase 1 (BAK1) in seemingly unrelated biological processes, such as plant development and immunity, and propose a role of this protein as an adaptor molecule that is required for proper functionality of numerous RLKs. This view is supported by the identification of an additional RLK, PEPR1 …