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Concurrent transcranial magnetic stimulation and electroencephalography (TMS-EEG) recording provides information on both intracortical reorganization and networking, and that information could yield new insights into post-stroke neuroplasticity. However, a comprehensive investigation using both concurrent TMS-EEG and motor-evoked potential-based outcomes has not been carried out in patients with chronic stroke. Therefore, this study sought to investigate the intracortical and network neurophysiological features of patients with chronic stroke, using concurrent TMS-EEG and motor-evoked potential-based outcomes.

A battery of motor-evoked potential-based measures and concurrent TMS-EEG recording were performed in 23 patients with chronic stroke and 21 age-matched healthy controls.

The ipsilesional primary motor cortex (M1) of the patients with stroke showed significantly …