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Two carbon materials (multi-walled carbon nanotubes, MWCNTs, and activated carbon) were investigated as ozonation catalysts for the mineralization of the antibiotic sulphamethoxazole (SMX). MWCNTs presented a higher catalytic performance than activated carbons, which was justified by their differences in surface chemistry and by the higher internal mass transfer resistances expected for activated carbons. 3-Amino-5-methylisoxazole and p-benzoquinone were detected as primary products of single and catalytic ozonation of SMX, whereas oxamic, oxalic, pyruvic and maleic acids were identified as refractory final oxidation products. The original sulphur of the SMX was almost completely converted to sulphate and part of the nitrogen was converted to NH₄⁺ and NO₃⁻. The presence of the radical scavenger tert-butanol during catalytic and single ozonation evidenced the participation of HO radicals in the …