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Objective To estimate the economic cost of urinary incontinence in community‐dwelling Australian women aged 18 years and over for the year 1998. Design Extrapolation of data from studies of women with incontinence to the Australian population of women aged 18 years and over in 1998. Main outcome measures Estimated prevalence of urinary incontinence in 1998, and estimated cost in Australian dollars of resource use and personal costs related to management of incontinence. Results An estimated 1 835 628 community‐dwelling women over the age of 18 years had urinary incontinence in 1998. The total annual cost of this urinary incontinence is estimated at 710.44million,or 387 per incontinent woman, comprising 338.47millionintreatmentcostsand 371.97 million in personal costs. An estimated 60% of women with incontinence in 1998 were aged 40 years or over. Assuming the prevalence of incontinence …