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An estimated 19.8% of all US children have a chronic condition requiring more than routine health and related services. This prevalence increases to 31.6% for the nearly one-fourth of US children exposed to 2 or more adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), 1 such as those experiences studied in the widely recognized Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and Kaiser Permanente study of adults exposed to ACEs. 2 Adapted for children and parental report, the National Survey of Children’s Health (NSCH) now assesses 9 types of ACEs, including serious economic hardship, witnessing or experiencing violence in the neighborhood, alcohol, substance abuse, domestic violence, mental health problems in the home, parental divorce, loss of parents to death or incarceration, and social rejection through racial and ethnic discrimination. Measured in this way, the NSCH findings confirm those from the Centers for …