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The use of oral contraceptives (OC) causes disturbances of the procoagulant, anticoagulant and fibrinolytic pathways of blood coagulation which may contribute to the increased risk of venous thrombosis associated with OC therapy. Here we report the results of a cyclecontrolled randomized cross-over study, in which we determined the effects of so-called second and third generation OC’s on a number of anticoagulant parameters. In this study, 28 non-OC using women were randomly prescribed either a second generation (150 µg levonorgestrel/30 µg ethinylestradiol) or a third generation OC (150 µg desogestrel/30 µg ethinylestradiol) and who switched to the other OC after a two month wash out period. The anticoagulant parameters determined were: antithrombin (AT), α₂-macroglobulin (α₂-M), α₁-antitrypsin, protein C inhibitor (PCI), protein C, total and free protein S and activated protein C sensitivity ratios (APC …