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Biomass is one most abundant resource on the earth providing important energies in support of socioeconomic development in many areas. Burning of biomass fuels comprises to nearly 10% of the total energy from anthropogenic combustion processes; however, as the burning is usually incomplete, this process yields products of incomplete combustion posing consequently significant impacts on air quality, human health, and climate change. Here, we analyzed spatiotemporal characteristics in intentional and unintentional biomass burning from different sectors, discussed impacts of biomass burning emissions on indoor and outdoor air quality, and consequent influences on human health. The global total consumption amount of biomass including both natural and anthropogenic sources was approximately 7900 Tg in 2019, with significantly large regional and sectorial discrepancies among regions. Globally …