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Provides a longitudinal assessment of skill development in addition for 26 normal and 12 mathematically disabled 1st-or 2nd-grade children. At the first time of measurement, the children solved 40 simple addition problems. 10 mo later, all Ss were readministered the addition task and a measure of working memory resources. Across times of measurement, the normal group showed increased reliance on memory retrieval and decreased reliance on counting to solve the addition problems, as well as an increase in speed of counting and retrieving addition facts from long-term memory. The math-disabled group showed no reliable change in the mix of problem-solving strategies or in the rate of executing the counting or memory retrieval strategies. Finally, reliable differences, favoring the normal group, were found for the index of working memory resources.(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)