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Several studies have investigated the impact of body mass index (BMI) on the prognosis of atrial fibrillation, but the results remain controversial. We sought to estimate the association of BMI with atrial fibrillation–related outcomes.

We systematically searched the Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Elsevier databases for all studies reporting associations between BMI and atrial fibrillation–related outcomes. Relative risks (RRs) and 95% CIs were extracted and pooled. Nine studies with 49 364 participants were included. Underweight BMI was associated with an increased risk of stroke or systemic embolism (RR 1.67, 95% CI 1.12–2.49), all‐cause mortaliity (RR 2.61, 95% CI 2.21–3.09), and cardiovascular death (RR 2.49, 95% CI 1.38–4.50). Nevertheless, the pooled RRs of overweight and obese patients were lower than those of normal‐weight patients for stroke or systemic embolism …