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Mitsugumin 53 (MG53 or TRIM72), a striated muscle-specific E3 ligase, promotes ubiquitin-dependent degradation of the insulin receptor and insulin receptor substrate-1 and subsequently induces insulin resistance, resulting in metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, it is unknown how MG53 from muscle regulates systemic insulin response and energy metabolism. Increasing evidence demonstrates that muscle secretes proteins as myokines or cardiokines that regulate systemic metabolic processes. We hypothesize that MG53 may act as a myokine/cardiokine, contributing to interorgan regulation of insulin sensitivity and metabolic homeostasis.

Using perfused rodent hearts or skeletal muscle, we investigated whether high glucose, high insulin, or their combination (conditions mimicking metabolic syndrome or T2DM) alters MG53 protein concentration in the …