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Background: Endometriosis is a common hormone-dependent gynecologic disease with a high recurrence. Laparotomy or laparoscopy is the standard surgery for the large endometrioma. Also, sclerotherapy is basically used to treat different diseases one of which is endometrioma.

Objective: The study was designed to assess the value of transvaginal ultrasound-guided ethanol sclerotherapy in patients with a recurrent endometrioma.

Materials and Methods: In a randomized clinical trial, an interventional group of 20 patients underwent transvaginal ethanol sclerotherapy for recurrent ovarian endometrioma. The patients were followed up first after one and two weeks and then after one, two, and three months. If the patients had no endometrioma, they were treated with in vitro fertilization (IVF)(standard long protocol). A control group of 20 patients with endometrioma were enrolled for an IVF protocol. They had no …