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The geological survey of continental basins in northern Thailand has led to the discovery and the study of several mammalian assemblages in that area. All localities from northern Thailand occur in a time span ranging from about 16 to 14 Ma. In addition, a diachronism is apparent among the different localities and is indicated by the different stages of evolution in the tooth morphology of rodents, ruminants, rhinos and mastodonts. Mae Long (Li Basin) would be the oldest locality (about 16 Ma), followed by Had Pu Dai (Lampang Basin), and then Huai Siew and Ban San Klang (both in Pong Basin). Ban Na Sai (Li Basin) and Mae Teep would be contemporaneous with Ban San Klang, and Mae Moh is thought to be the youngest locality.

In order to study the paleoenvironment of the Thai Neogene faunas, we have used the cenogram method in which structure reflects the general environment of a faunal community. We …