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Deficits in emotional processing and, in particular, in emotional self-regulation represent non-specific risk factors for transdiagnostic poor outcomes. Researches have been focusing on the investigation of possible emotional processing and regulation biomarkers. The present brief review of the literature aims to evaluate whether NIRS signal might be one of them.

We reviewed 8 original articles investigating children's hemodynamic response to emotional tasks using NIRS, or exploring the association between NIRS response to cognitive tasks and behavioral emotional regulation.

All the works revised found significant associations between NIRS data and emotional indexes. Furthermore, significant hemodynamic response is found in different age-groups (3–12 years of age), suggesting that cortical response to emotional processing as measured by NIRS is a marker consistently …