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Biofilms of sulfate‐reducing bacteria (SRB) are often the major cause of microbiologically influenced corrosion. The representative SRB Desulfovibrio vulgaris has previously been shown to have a biofilm that consists primarily of protein. In this study, by utilizing lectin staining, we identified that the biofilm of D. vulgaris also consists of the matrix components mannose, fucose and N‐acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc), with mannose predominating. Based on these results, we found that the addition of mannose and the nonmetabolizable mannose analog 2‐deoxy‐d‐glucose inhibits the biofilm formation of D. vulgaris as well as that of D. desulfuricans; both compounds also dispersed the SRB biofilms. In addition, the enzyme N‐acetylgalactosaminidase, which degrades GalNAc, was effective in dispersing D. vulgaris biofilms. Therefore, by determining composition of the SRB biofilm, effective biofilm control methods may …