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The selective and efficient removal of pollutants is essential for wastewater treatment and resource recycling. In this study, an ultra-thin molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) membrane with a thickness of 1 nm was synthesized by a facile atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) method using layered double hydroxides (LDH) as the template substrate. The as-prepared MIPs membrane was characterized by XRD, TEM, AFM, FTIR and BET measurements. This material was then applied for the selective preconcentration of Rhodamine B (RhB) in water. Benefiting from the surface-imprinting technique, a high adsorption capacity of 100.1 mg g−1 was obtained with an enrichment multiple of 27.3 times. It was interesting that the MIPs adsorption was temperature-sensitive, which was employed as a simple and environmentally friendly desorption strategy by changing the operating temperature. The applicability of …