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While the gut microbiota is known to be influenced by habitual food intake, this relationship is seldom explored in type 2 diabetes patients. This study aims to investigate the relationship between dietary patterns and gut microbial species abundance in 113 type 2 diabetes patients (mean age, 58 years; body mass index, 29.1; glycohemoglobin [HbA1c], 8.1%). We analyzed the gut microbiota using 16S amplicon sequencing, and all patients were categorized into either the Bacteroides enterotype (57.5%, n= 65) or the Prevotella enterotype (42.5%, n= 48) using the partitioning around medoids clustering algorithm, based on the most representative genera. Patients with the Bacteroides enterotype showed better glycemic control with a 2.71 odds of HbA1c≤ 7.0% compared to the Prevotella enterotype (95% confidence interval, 1.02–7.87; P, 0.034). Dietary habits and the nutrient composition of all patients were …