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Biofabrication technologies with layer-by-layer simultaneous deposition of a polymeric matrix and cell-laden bioinks (also known as bioprinting) offer an alternative to conventional treatments to regenerate cartilage tissue. Thermoplastic polymers, like poly-lactic acid, are easy to print using fused deposition modeling, and the shape, mesh structure, biodegradation time, and stiffness can be easily controlled. Besides some of them being clinically approved, the high manufacturing temperatures used in bioprinting applications with these clinically available thermoplastics decrease cell viability. Geometric restriction prevents cell contact with the heated printed fibers, increasing cell viability but comprising the mechanical performance and biodegradation time of the printed parts. The objective of this study was to develop a novel volume-by-volume 3D-biofabrication process that divides the printed part into different …