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In order to develop g-C₃N₄ for better visible light photocatalysis, g-C₃N₄ nanoarchitectures was synthesized by direct pyrolysis of cheap urea at 550°C and engineered through the variation of pyrolysis time. By prolonging the pyrolysis time, the crystallinity of the resulted sample was enhanced, the thickness and size of the layers were reduced, the surface area and pore volume were significantly enlarged, and the band structure was modified. Especially for urea treated for 4h, the obtained g-C₃N₄ nanosheets possessed high surface area (288m²/g) due to the reduced layer thickness and the improved porous structure. A layer exfoliation and splitting mechanism was proposed to explain the gradual reduction of layer thickness and size of g-C₃N₄ nanoarchitectures with increased pyrolysis time. The as-synthesized g-C₃N₄ samples were applied for photocatalytic removal of gaseous NO and aqueous RhB under …