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Cyperus esculentus (Tiger nut) has been grossly underutilized and unexploited despite its nutritional and medicinal potentials. This research aimed to evaluate the phytochemical, proximate, GC-MS and pharmacological properties such as antioxidant, anticancer, anti-elastase, anti-melanogenic and anti-tyrosinase activity in ethanol and n-hexane extracts of tiger nut. The pharmacological activities were measured using spectrophotometry, agar well diffusion, MCF-7 and HeLa cell methods. The tiger nut extracts (ethanol and n-hexane) in the phytochemical and proximate analysis showed the existence of bioactive compounds such as alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, crude fibres, tannins, proteins, carbohydrates, oxalates, phytates and fats content. The ethanol extract showed superior pharmacological (anticancer, antibacterial, anti-melanogenic and antioxidant) activities, especially against the MCF-7 cell line. The …