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The impact of toxic tributyltin (TBT) compounds was investigated on free-living nematode communities in the Sai Gon River. Samples were collected from 11 harbor stations downstream of the Sai Gon river plus one upstream station during the dry and rainy seasons. The results showed that all butyltin compound (mono-, di-, and tri) concentrations were relatively low compared to historical data from the same or adjacent estuaries, supporting the effectiveness of the 2009 ban on these products as antifouling. Nematode communities were typical for oligohaline regions showing a high spatial and temporal variability in abundance and diversity. Nematode community composition clearly differed between the two seasons, with the nematode communities being less variable in the rainy season compared to the dry season, while nematode communities differed significantly between stations. TBT values were still …