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Establishing low-cost methods for stripe (yellow) rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) phenotyping is paramount to maintain the breeding pipeline in wheat. Twelve winter wheat genotypes were grown to test rust resistance and yield performance. Physiological traits, including leaf chlorophyll content (Chl), net photosynthesis rate (P_n), stomatal conductance (g_s), transpiration rate (E) and canopy temperature depression (CTD), together with diverse color components derived from Red, Green and Blue (RGB) images, were measured at different crop stages. Grain yield (GY) and grain yield loss index (GYLI) were assessed through comparison with the previous normal planting year. Genotypes exhibited a wide range of resistance to yellow rust, with GYLI values ranging from about −3% for the more resistant (Zhoumai 22) to 89% for the most susceptible (Lankao 298) genotypes. Moreover yellow rust reduced Chl and to …