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Background: Malignant struma ovarii (MSO) is a germ cell tumor of the ovary histologically identical to differentiated thyroid cancers. There is a paucity of data on this neoplasm, with fewer than 200 reported cases. The primary objective of this study was to examine the survival rate of women diagnosed with MSO using data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Secondary objectives were to describe the demographic, clinical, pathologic, and treatment characteristics of this population.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed of prospectively collected cancer registry data. A total of 68 patients were identified in the SEER database, 1973–2011. The chi-square test, Student's t-test, and Kaplan–Meier curves were employed for data analyses.

Results: All 68 patients were females with a mean age at diagnosis of 43.0 years. Nearly 33% underwent unilateral oophorectomy, 28.6 …