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A general thermomechanical theory of martensitic phase transformations (PT) in inelastic materials is presented. The results are derived for small and large strains in the reference and actual configurations. PT is treated as a thermomechanical process of growth of transformation strain from the initial to the final value which is accompanied by a change in all material's properties. The theory is developed first of all for a homogeneously deformed material point (neighborhood) undergoing the PT which can belong to a new nucleus or a moving interface. It is shown that a standard thermodynamical approach cannot be directly applied. It can be applied after the averaging of thermodynamical parameters, related to PT, over a PT duration. PT criterion is derived which takes into account the plastic dissipation, temperature variation due to the PT and variation of internal variables. It is shown that the temperature gradient …