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When men are depressed they may experience symptoms that are different than what is included in the current diagnostic criteria.

To explore whether sex disparities in depression rates disappear when alternative symptoms are considered in the place of, or in addition to, more conventional depression symptoms.

Using data from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication, a nationally represented mental health survey, we evaluated sex differences in symptom endorsement in 2 new scales that included alternative depression symptoms. We analyzed sex differences in symptom endorsement using 2-sided, design-based, .05-levelttests and multivariate logistic regression to identify predictors of depression.

Men reported higher rates of anger attacks/aggression, substance abuse, and risk taking compared with women …