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The effects of late-life subjective poverty on brain health are understudied. We aimed to investigate the association between duration of subjective poverty after age 64 and subsequent cognitive function and decline in China.

Data were from 4118 adults aged ≥64 at baseline in the population-based China Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS), 2005–2018. The duration of subjective poverty was measured from self-rated economic status relative to neighbors in 2005, 2008, and 2011 (never; one time point; two or three time points). Cognitive function was assessed by the Chinese Mini-Mental State Exam (CMMSE; range: 0–30) in 2011, 2014, and 2018. We fitted attrition-weighted, multivariable mixed-effects Tobit regression models to examine the relationship between duration of subjective poverty from 2005 to 2011 and subsequent cognitive function and decline from 2011 to 2018 …