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Estrogen has been shown to have an important role in fluid reabsorption in efferent ductules of the testis. Our previous study of the estrogen receptor‐α knockout mouse (ERKO) showed that the efferent ductules and rete testis were primary targets of estrogen receptor function. In the present study, a more comprehensive evaluation of the ERKO male reproductive tract was performed to determine the severity of effects in efferent ductules as well as the epididymis. The following observations were found in ERKO males: 1) blind‐ending efferent ductules were more prevalent in ERKO than in wild type (WT) tissues; 2) glycogen‐containing cells were observed at the rete testis—efferent ductule junction; 3) the tubular diameters of the efferent ductules and initial segment epididymides were dilated; 4) efferent ductules were dilated between 130 to 300% over wild type ductules; 5) efferent ductule epithelial height was …