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ND Theodorakis N. Tsigilis DL Wann G. Lianopoulos A. Al-Emadi ach week millions of spectators worldwide attend sport events. These sport fans wave flags, sing songs, hold their scarves aloft, present spectacular forms of choreography, and even boo opponents in an effort to support their favorite team. This psychological connectedness between a fan and a sport team is termed team identification. Team identification may be the most studied construct in the sport consumer behavior literature because of its direct and indirect effect on numerous sport consumption behaviors such as attending sport events (Matsuoka, Chelladurai, & Harada, 2003), buying official products (Fisher & Wakefield, 1998), supporting the team’s sponsors (Gwinner & Swanson, 2003), and developing positive perceptions about the quality of service provided in the sport facility (Greenwell, Fink, & Pastore, 2002). Based on social identity theory, scholars have developed several unidimensional scales in an effort to accurately measure the allegiance between a sport fan and a team. The Sport Spectator

Identification Scale—SSIS (Wann & Branscombe, 1993), the Psychological Commitment to Team scale—PCT (Mahony, Madrigal, & Howard, 2000), and the Connection to Team Scale—CTS (James & Ross, 2002; Trail & James, 2001) are such examples. However, another stream of research proposed that a multidimensional conceptualization of team identification is more congruent with the definition of the construct in the social identity theory. In light of the above, Dimmock & Grove (2005) developed the tri-dimensional Team Identification Scale (TIS), and Heere & James …