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The role of climate in human existence is of paramount importance, as it exhibits a profound interconnection with both beneficial and detrimental consequences on various facets of society and the economy [1]. The climate holds significant relevance as it exerts a deep influence on all facets of existence on our planet. Their primary objective is to generate the necessary knowledge to foster the development of sustainable livelihoods for individuals [2]. Climate change represents an intrinsic component of weather systems, manifesting as a natural phenomenon. In recent years, there has been a significant surge in attention towards climate change due to its profound implications for ecosystems and water resources [3]. The primary factor contributing to this phenomenon is human activity, specifically the emission of gases into the atmosphere, resulting in the greenhouse effect, heat retention, and ultimately global warming. Climate change poses significant threats and challenges to global ecosystems, civilizations, and economies [4].

The progressive increase in global temperatures is a consequence of the rising quantities of greenhouse gases, which lead to the enhanced trapping of heat within the Earth's atmosphere [5]. The increase in temperature associated with global warming has extensive ramifications for the climate system, resulting in a multitude of repercussions. The data presented by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) emphasizes the pressing necessity for global initiatives aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions, addressing the consequences of climate change, and striving towards a sustainable future [6 …